This study aims to build a deeper understanding on how shareholder value is created in Private Equity investments, especially during the holding period. The study is a qualitative study of the buyout of the access security company Bewator AB made by the Swedish Private Equity firm EQT in 2002. The buyout became highly successful due to various reasons. The study draws the conclusion, contrary to popular belief, that Private Equity firms create value through taking a long term view on business developing rather than being short term value destroyers. Incentive alignment is another important factor..

This essay is on the subject of the changes that the Swedish military is undergoing. This essay will take the old ways of alignment thinking, were the military was to protect the nation against an invasion and compare it to the newer way of alignment thinking, where the military is to go abroad and do peacekeeping operations as there main objective. This comparison will be done by using Bengt Abrahamson theory about professions. He uses three parts one is specialised theoretical knowledge, another is ethics and the last is corps spirit. This theory will then be connected to four interviews.

Bakgrund: Befintlig alignmentteori berör inte de svårigheter som företag möter i att uppnå strategisk alignment, särskilt när de genomgår större förändringar. De förändringar som amerikanska och europeiska fullserviceflygbolag har genomgått genom att introducera lågprisalternativ visar att det har varit svårt att skapa lönsamhet. Syfte: Syftet med uppsatsen är, att med hjälp av exempel från flygbranschen, konkretisera befintlig alignmentteori, sätta alignment i relation till olika förändringsprocesser, samt att utifrån de olika förändringsprocesserna diskutera förutsättningar för att uppnå alignment vid en partiell förändring. Genomförande: Sekundärdatastudie av den amerikanska och europeiska flygmarknaden. Resultat: Förutsättningarna för att uppnå alignment vid partiell förändring kan underlättas av en dialektisk förändringsprocess i kombination med ett livscykelsynsätt, och försvåras av en teleologisk eller evolutionär förändringsprocess..

Incentive programs are one of the most important strategies that a corporation has in order to achieve its major policies and goals. The purpose of this paper is to identify these goals and their function, so that we later can analyze the incentive system?s effectiveness. The paper?s focus is on Max Hamburgarerestauranger AB?s incentive system, that is directed to the managers of all of its restaurants.We had interviews with the CEO, as well as the head of the Economics Department of Max H.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine if companies? incentive programs for employees is designed in such a way that it makes it possible for managers to reach their goals. Method: Qualitative with a semi standardised questionnaire Results: Our results is that the incentive programs for employees in their present form don?t give the companies a good possibility to effect the employees to perform towards the goals of the system. The performance measures in the incentive programs for employees is suitable in comparison with the goals of the program but the construction and the use of the systems doesn?t give a satisfied result in comprising with the goals.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine if companies? incentive programs for employees is designed in such a way that it makes it possible for managers to reach their goals. Method: Qualitative with a semi standardised questionnaire Results: Our results is that the incentive programs for employees in their present form don?t give the companies a good possibility to effect the employees to perform towards the goals of the system. The performance measures in the incentive programs for employees is suitable in comparison with the goals of the program but the construction and the use of the systems doesn?t give a satisfied result in comprising with the goals.

Denna uppsats avser beskriva alignment, överensstämmelse, mellan Den nationella IT-strategin för vård och omsorg och verksamhetsplaner som finns för de offentliga sjukhusen i Västra Götalandsregionen. Detta har gjorts av orsaken att det funnits en implementeringsproblematik gällande Den nationella IT-strategin. Genom jämföra dessa utifrån perspektivet alignment avses kunna bidra med en möjlig förklaring till dessa problem.Metoden utifrån vilken de lokala verksamhetsplanerna och IT-strategin har studerats utgjordes av en kvalitativ textanalys på hermeneutisk grund. IT-strategin analyserades inledningsvis utifrån de centrala mjuka parametrar (värderingar och mål) som denna innehöll. Därefter analyserades och jämfördes de lokala verksamhetsplanerna utifrån samma mjuka parametrar.Resultatet pekar mot att det råder en viss brist på alignment mellan Den nationella IT-strategin och de lokala verksamhetsplanerna.

The aim of this study is to analyze the justification of a financial incentive that rewards students who rapidly finish their studies within the language education ?Swedish for immigrants? (sfi). Thereby, we want to see what assumptions are made about the students, and relate this to experiences of the education at a local level. We applied a text analysis on a government bill about the incentive, which showed that the deficiencies in the education are said to be caused by the students? lack of effort.

The purpose of this case study is to examine and analyze CEO: s and the sales departments incentive program of the case company. Also to find out if the present incentive program is effective.The survey is a case study where a combination of qualitative and quantitative approach has been used. Relevant Theories is applied on the empirical material..

We would like to learn more about how the restrictive policy against incentive programmes affects the board’s of Swedish state owned commercial firms ability to govern management in an efficient way. We also want to find out if there are different consequences in reference to this that are not directly linked to corporate governance issues. Our empiric observations have been made in order to profoundly explore the subject and examine it through the eyes of professional individuals, all expressing different views and standpoints. We conclude that the most efficient structure is when an active board is complemented by a well structured and individualised incentive programme. However, this thesis conclude that this structure is not possible given the current guidelines and policies employed by the state, which in turn might lead to sub optimizations in the governing..

We would like to learn more about how the restrictive policy against incentive programmes affects the board?s of Swedish state owned commercial firms ability to govern management in an efficient way. We also want to find out if there are different consequences in reference to this that are not directly linked to corporate governance issues. Our empiric observations have been made in order to profoundly explore the subject and examine it through the eyes of professional individuals, all expressing different views and standpoints. We conclude that the most efficient structure is when an active board is complemented by a well structured and individualised incentive programme.

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to examine how the Swedish policy of neutrality has changed between the years 1990-2008. The research method used for this essay has been comparative case study, which strives to answer four research questions. Two of these questions are: Which specific occurrences have been fundamental in changing the Swedish policy of neutrality? How have the Swedish policy of neutrality and the policy of non-alignment changed between the years 1990-2008? The theoretical frame work of this study consists of Europeanization as a comprehensive theoretical perspective. In order to explain the Swedish act regarding the policy of neutrality, Logic of Consequences and Logic of appropriateness are used.

The aim of this study was to investigate whether a direct shift inpostural alignment results in changes in voice source characteristics. Ninemales with untrained voices were recorded standing in ideal posturalalignment and in the deviant postures swayback and kyphosis characterizedby extended hips and a slump back respectively. The voice source wasderived from the audio signal by inverse filtering. The parameters pulseamplitude, maximal flow declination rate, level difference between the firstand second voice source partials, closed quotient and the normalizedamplitude quotient in relation to subglottal pressure were compared betweenideal postural alignment and swayback and kyphosis respectively. Resultsindicate an impact of changed postural alignment on the voice source.Swayback posture gave significantly less pulse amplitude and maximal flowdeclination rate and significantly higher subglottal pressures thus resulting ina less effective phonation.

Ett återkommande problem är att IT-verksamheten fungerar som en stat i staten: att IT-verksamheten inte är i enhetlighet med affärsverksamheten som den ska stödja. Det finns forskningsområden där teorier utvecklats för att kunna hantera detta problem och jag har titta på Alignment och IT-management. Istället för att kalla det Alignment har jag valt att kalla detta för länkning: att man ska länka samman IT-verksamhet med affärsverksamhet så att de går i samma riktning. Jag har förstått att det mest grundläggande, när det handlar om länkning, är att via strategier försöka få IT-verksamheten att harmonisera med affärsverksamheten. Men strategier är artefakter och det är IT-personal som utför arbetet som ska stödja affärsverksamheten.

Background and problem: There is a continuous debate regarding incentive programs in public companies. Since the global financial crisis and the subsequent recession in 2008, the criticism has reached even higher levels. Various regulatory authorities as well as influential external actors require stronger regulations and limitation of the monetary compensation in publicly held companies. Share-based payments are based on the development of the market value of the company. This means there is an existing relation between the owners? and the managers? interests.